Important IP Programs

# This is a comment. It is ignored by Python.
print("Hello, Class 11 IP Students!")

name = "Amit"      # String
age = 16           # Integer
height = 5.8       # Float

print("Name:", name)
print("Age:", age)
print("Height:", height)

x = 10
y = 10.5
z = "Hello"

print(type(x))  # <class 'int'>
print(type(y))  # <class 'float'>
print(type(z))  # <class 'str'>

a = 10
b = 3

print("Add:", a + b)
print("Sub:", a - b)
print("Mul:", a * b)
print("Div:", a / b)  # Returns float

a = 10
b = 3

print("Floor Div (Quotient):", a // b) # 3
print("Modulus (Remainder):", a % b)   # 1

base = 2
power = 3
print("2 to the power 3 is:", base ** power) # 8

name = input("Enter your name: ")
print("Welcome,", name)

# input() returns string, wrap in int()
age = int(input("Enter your age: "))
print("Next year you will be:", age + 1)

price = float(input("Enter price: "))
print("Price is:", price)

a = 5
b = 10
print("Before:", a, b)

# Pythonic way to swap
a, b = b, a
print("After:", a, b)

x = 10
y = 20
print("x > y is", x > y)   # False
print("x == y is", x == y) # False
print("x != y is", x != y) # True

a = True
b = False
print("a and b:", a and b) # False
print("a or b:", a or b)   # True
print("not a:", not a)     # False

count = 10
count += 5 # Same as count = count + 5
print("Count:", count) # 15

p = float(input("Principal: "))
r = float(input("Rate: "))
t = float(input("Time: "))
si = (p * r * t) / 100
print("Simple Interest:", si)

PI = 3.14159
radius = float(input("Radius: "))
area = PI * radius * radius
print("Area:", area)

x = 10
print("ID of x:", id(x))
x = 20 # Creates new object, doesn't change old one
print("ID of x (new):", id(x))

num_int = 123
num_float = 1.23

# Python converts int to float to avoid data loss
result = num_int + num_float 
print("Result type:", type(result))

# Mul (*) happens before Add (+)
res = 10 + 2 * 3 
print("10 + 2 * 3 =", res) # 16, not 36

s = "Ha"
print(s * 3) # HaHaHa

print("A", "B", "C", sep="-") 
print("Hello", end=" ") # Stays on same line
print("World")

x = 10
if x > 5:
    print("x is greater than 5")

n = int(input("Enter number: "))
if n >= 0:
    print("Positive")
else:
    print("Negative")

n = int(input("Enter number: "))
if n % 2 == 0:
    print("Even")
else:
    print("Odd")

marks = int(input("Enter marks: "))

if marks >= 90:
    print("A Grade")
elif marks >= 75:
    print("B Grade")
elif marks >= 50:
    print("C Grade")
else:
    print("Fail")

a = 10
b = 25
c = 15

if a > b and a > c:
    print("A is largest")
elif b > a and b > c:
    print("B is largest")
else:
    print("C is largest")

y = int(input("Year: "))
if (y % 400 == 0) or (y % 4 == 0 and y % 100 != 0):
    print("Leap Year")
else:
    print("Not Leap Year")

for i in range(5):
    print(i)

# Range goes up to stop-1
for i in range(1, 11):
    print(i, end=" ")

# Start at 2, end before 11, step 2
for i in range(2, 11, 2):
    print(i, end=" ")

n = 5
while n > 0:
    print(n)
    n = n - 1 # Decrease count
print("Blastoff!")

n = 10
total = 0
for i in range(1, n + 1):
    total += i
print("Sum is:", total)

num = 5
fact = 1
for i in range(1, num + 1):
    fact = fact * i
print("Factorial:", fact)

n = 5
for i in range(1, 11):
    print(n, "x", i, "=", n*i)

for i in range(1, 10):
    if i == 5:
        break # Stops at 5
    print(i, end=" ")

for i in range(1, 6):
    if i == 3:
        continue # Skips printing 3
    print(i, end=" ")

for i in range(1, 4):     # Rows
    for j in range(i):    # Columns
        print("*", end="")
    print() # Newline

for i in range(3):
    print(i)
else:
    print("Loop finished successfully")

fruits = ["Apple", "Banana", "Cherry"]
print(fruits)

nums = [10, 20, 30]
print("First:", nums[0])
print("Last:", nums[-1]) # Negative indexing

# Indices: 0 1 2 3 4
data = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]
print(data[1:4]) # [20, 30, 40]

colors = ["Red", "Green", "Blue"]
for c in colors:
    print(c)

nums = [1, 2, 3]
nums[1] = 99 # Change 2 to 99
print(nums)

l = [10, 20, 30]
print("Length:", len(l))

l = [1, 2]
l.append(3)
print(l)

l = [1, 2]
l.extend([3, 4])
print(l)

l = [10, 30]
l.insert(1, 20) # Insert 20 at index 1
print(l)

l = [10, 20, 30]
val = l.pop(1) # Removes 20
print("Popped:", val)
print("List:", l)

l = [1, 2, 3, 2]
l.remove(2) # Removes first '2'
print(l)

l = ['a', 'b', 'c']
print("Index of b:", l.index('b'))

l = [1, 2, 1, 1, 3]
print("Count of 1:", l.count(1))

l = [1, 2, 3]
l.reverse()
print(l)

l = [3, 1, 2]
l.sort()
print(l)

nums = [10, 5, 20]
print("Min:", min(nums))
print("Max:", max(nums))
print("Sum:", sum(nums))

l1 = [1, 2]
l2 = [3, 4]
print(l1 + l2)

l = ["Hi"]
print(l * 3)

l = [10, 20, 30]
if 20 in l:
    print("Found")

s = "A-B-C"
l = s.split("-")
print(l)

# Key: Value
student = {"Name": "Rahul", "Age": 16}
print(student)

d = {"Apple": 100, "Mango": 80}
print("Price of Apple:", d["Apple"])

d = {"a": 1}
d["b"] = 2
print(d)

d = {"x": 10}
d["x"] = 20
print(d)

d = {"a": 1, "b": 2}
del d["a"]
print(d)

d = {"Name": "A", "Age": 16}
print(d.keys())

d = {"Name": "A", "Age": 16}
print(d.values())

d = {"x": 1, "y": 2}
print(d.items())

d = {"a": 1, "b": 2}
for k in d:
    print(k, "->", d[k])

d = {"a": 1, "b": 2}
for val in d.values():
    print(val)

d = {"a": 100, "b": 200}
for k, v in d.items():
    print("Key:", k, "Value:", v)

d = {1: "one", 2: "two"}
print(len(d))

d = {"a": 1}
d.clear()
print(d) # {}

d1 = {"a": 1}
d2 = {"b": 2}
d1.update(d2)
print(d1)

data = [("a", 1), ("b", 2)]
d = dict(data)
print(d)

d = {"name": "Simran"}
if "name" in d:
    print("Key exists")

import numpy as np
print("NumPy imported")

import numpy as np
l = [1, 2, 3]
arr = np.array(l)
print(arr)

import numpy as np
l = [[1, 2], [3, 4]]
arr = np.array(l)
print(arr)

import numpy as np
arr = np.array([1, 2, 3])
print("Dimensions:", arr.ndim)

import numpy as np
arr = np.array([[1, 2], [3, 4]])
print("Shape:", arr.shape)

import numpy as np
arr = np.array([1.5, 2.5])
print("Type:", arr.dtype)

import numpy as np
arr = np.array([1, 2, 3], dtype='float')
print(arr)

import numpy as np
arr = np.arange(5) # 0 to 4
print(arr)

import numpy as np
z = np.zeros(5)
print(z)

import numpy as np
o = np.ones(5)
print(o)

import numpy as np
arr = np.array([10, 20])
print(arr + 5) # Adds 5 to all

import numpy as np
a = np.array([1, 2])
b = np.array([10, 20])
print(a + b)

import numpy as np
a = np.array([2, 3])
b = np.array([4, 5])
print(a * b)

import numpy as np
# 5 numbers between 0 and 1
l = np.linspace(0, 1, 5)
print(l)

import numpy as np
arr = np.array([[1, 2], [3, 4]])
print("Size:", arr.size) # 4

import numpy as np
arr = np.array([1, 2, 3], dtype='int32')
print("Bytes per item:", arr.itemsize)

# print("Missing quote) 
# The above line causes SyntaxError
print("Fixed Syntax")

# print(undefined_var)
# NameError: name 'undefined_var' is not defined
print("Define variables before use.")

msg = "Python"
print("P" in msg) # True

f = "Data"
l = "Science"
print(f + " " + l)

a = [1, 2, 3]
b = list(a) # Creates new copy
print(b)

matrix = [[1, 2], [3, 4]]
print(matrix[0][1]) # 2

d = {"a": 1}
# Returns None if key missing, instead of error
print(d.get("b"))

d = {"a": 1}
d.setdefault("b", 0) # Sets b to 0 if missing
print(d)

keys = ['a', 'b', 'c']
d = dict.fromkeys(keys, 0)
print(d)

l = []
if not l:
    print("List is empty")

name = "Ali"
score = 90
print(f"{name} scored {score}")